@proceedings {853,
	title = {Earth{\textquoteright}s Magnetic Field Migration and Its Effects on HF Propagation},
	year = {2024},
	month = {03/2024},
	publisher = {HamSCI},
	address = {Cleveland, OH},
	abstract = {<p>Propagation of radio waves in Earth{\textquoteright}s ionosphere and atmosphere critically depends on the strength and orientation of Earth{\textquoteright}s background magnetic field, due to the fact that electrons move much more readily along field lines than across them.\&nbsp; The background magnetic field evolves continuously, driven by currents and other processes inside the planet{\textquoteright}s molten core.\&nbsp; In particular, since 1990, the north magnetic pole has been migrating at an increased speed relative to its rate over most of the past century, and now moves more than 40 km/year.\&nbsp; However, the south magnetic pole migration is considerably slower.\&nbsp; The combination of these two effects has caused the global configuration of the geomagnetic field to change significantly.\&nbsp; We will describe the sustained drift of magnetic field line locations over the last 40 years, with an emphasis on mid-latitudes where a large number of amateur radio operations take place.\&nbsp; We will then provide estimates of induced changes in HF propagation over that time, using multiple models, and draw conclusions regarding the general climatology of propagation in various well used bands.</p>
},
	author = {Philip J. Erickson and William Liles}
}
